The Levant

The Levant is the Arab world’s most heated region, often at the center of political and social struggles. Yet, in terms of its cultural richness, it is a place that offers more than twice its size in depth, history, and intellectual output. From the ancient streets of Damascus to the vibrant energy of Beirut, from the olive groves of Palestine to the desert landscapes of Jordan, the Levant has always been a region where history converges with the present, where the land itself tells stories of civilizations past and people who continue to shape the future. This geographical space has always been a nexus of culture and thought. It is a region where the great intellectual movements of the Arab world have taken root, and where the weight of history has shaped a cultural identity that is as complex as it is enduring. Throughout centuries of upheaval, the Levant has produced some of the most important thinkers, poets, and artists of the Arab world. It is here that the seeds of the Nahda intellectual renaissance were sown, and here that writers, philosophers, and revolutionaries have consistently grappled with questions of identity, resistance, and progress. But the Levant is not just defined by its intellectual output. It is a land that has known suffering and hardship, so it has always been a place of resistance and renewal. The region’s beauty, its songs, its traditions, and its languages have all remained vital in the face of conflict, occupation, and division. The Levant is a place where identity is not simply inherited but continuously redefined. In this edition, we acknowledge the Levant’s pivotal role within the broader Arab world. We explore the deep connections between its people and their land, and how its people—whether through poetry, food, or everyday acts of defiance—continue to assert their voices. In the words of the great Syrian poet Adonis, the Levant is not simply a place on a map, but “a burning question of identity,” one that has continuously and immeasurably shaped the Arab cultural and intellectual landscape. Despite its cultural wealth, the Levant remains a region caught between the weight of its past and the uncertainty of its future. The same land that gave birth to some of the most profound works of Arab literature and art is now scarred by wars, displacement, and occupation. Still, the Levant endures—not as a passive region, but as an active and resilient force, continually asserting its cultural identity in the face of adversity. It is a land of contradictions, yes, but those contradictions have only strengthened its people’s resolve to protect and preserve their culture and identity. Through the lens of literature, history, art, and everyday life, we aim to offer a truthful representation of the Levant’s complexity—its vibrant heritage, its ongoing fight for self-determination, and its indelible place within the Arab world.

Four Iconic Artists From the Arab World

The Moving Biographies Podcast featured a series called On Women by Women in Art, which highlights influential women who have shaped the artistic landscape of the Arab world. We zero in on a few of the names mentioned in this series.

Tsawwar... Nader Bahsoon

“I was walking by the sea in my hometown, Tyre (Sour), in the south of Lebanon, heading towards the graveyard where members of my family are buried. As I arrived, I noticed two boys wandering among the graves. These children were familiar to me; they were street vendors who usually sell tissues, gum, and sometimes zaatar. I called out to the them – they recognized me immediately. I wondered what they were doing there, and we started conversing. I shared with them that several members of my family were buried in this cemetery. One of the boys asked for my family name. ‘Bahsoun,’ I said, and their faces lit up with recognition.”

Read more ➞

Oscar Niemeyer's Unfinished Fair

An unfinished relic of modernist architecture from the 1960s, the Tripoli International Fair was built on southern Tripoli’s orange orchards in the north of Lebanon.

Syria's Electronic Music Scene

By Zila Demirijian

Lebanese Socialist Jazz

Issam Hajali

A Lebanese musician and activist who co-founded Rainbow Bridge before fleeing to Paris in 1976, where he recorded his solo debut. Returning to Beirut, he formed Ferkat al Ard, blending jazz, folk, and Arabic influences. Despite war challenges, his music remained as a form of resistance.

Tsawwar... Sara Kontar

"We’ve been caught between two places, swinging in the middle, trying to build something like a home. During this time, I watch my mother with her scissors, cutting her friends’ hair as they always ask her to. She is not a hairdresser and never has been, but here in exile, they only trust each other’s hands. This image of Majeda in her apartment in Paris in 2023, along with the hands of my mother Joumana after she cut Majeda’s hair, is part of my long-term project *Therefore, I Cut*. I think I was trying, or perhaps I’m still trying, to understand the experience of exile. In my research, I use photography to materialise time, and in doing so, I materialise a home I don’t have."

Read more ➞

Tsawwar... Tanya Traboulsi

“I was spending an entire day by the sea with my photographer friend Tamara Abdul Hadi. One of our stops was for lunch and coffee at the Palace Cafe in Manara. While chatting and looking at the sea, we noticed a group of boys enjoying the water and sun just a few meters away. That's when I took this photo. It was the last photo on the film roll and I really didn’t want to waste it. I was waiting for the boy to jump – it took him a little while. Taking photos by the sea – especially in Beirut and all around Lebanon's coastline – is something I really enjoy doing. There's a certain kind of happiness and friendliness in people that live near the sea.”

Read more ➞

Khiam & Its Prison

Originally a French military barracks, the Khiam Prison became a notorious detention center under the South Lebanon Army, specifically for the severe torture that its prisoners indured. After Israel’s 2000 withdrawal from Lebanon, it was turned into a museum but was destroyed in the 2006 war.

Tsawwar... Luana Bassil

"The Cedars is one of the most peaceful places. It's where I often spend precious time with my family in Lebanon. On an afternoon stroll with my sister, we found ourselves enveloped in a gentle fog. She walked ahead of me, draped in a cozy blanket she had brought along. The world around us seemed to soften, and the moment felt just right—calm, serene, utterly perfect. I draw my inspiration from certain places by using characters to bring them to life. Inspired by films, I think that unconsciously create scenes or stories with each photo that I take."

Read more ➞

A Film List by Michelle Keserwany

By Michelle Keserwany

A Growing Resource on Lebanon and Palestine

By Chloe Kattar & the afikra Community

Hasan Belal

Tsawwar

Listen, Read, Watch: Syria

Recommended by the afikra community

Tsawwar... Ruwan Teodros

“The last time I visited my jeddo’s village in the South was a year ago. The flowers were bursting with color and the sun was burning my shoulders. My jeddo – who passed five years ago – was originally from Insarieh, Lebanon. He was born and raised in a tiny home that has now grown to become a bigger house still inhabited by many of his direct family members. It is a special village: though not particularly impressive or grand, it is a place that meant so much to him. As an Ethiopian-Lebanese woman, I’ve always felt confused about my identity and questioned my sense of belonging in Lebanon. But on that visit to my jeddo’s village, I felt the power of my Lebanese roots. More specifically, my connection to the brave and beautiful South of Lebanon that has been under brutal Israeli aggression since October 8th.”

Read more ➞

Boundless Life

Hussein Madi, born in Chebaa, Lebanon, is a painter, sculptor, and printmaker known for blending Islamic iconography with bold modernist influences. His rhythmic compositions, rich with color, calligraphy, and interlocking forms, echo the vibrancy of Matisse and Picasso. After studying fine arts in Beirut and Rome, he developed a style inspired by mosaics, frescoes, and architecture. He continues to create in West Beirut, where his legacy thrives.

Untitled, 2009

Browse More Editions